Force and Movie Batman Leaps

Superheroes have been around for a time now, since 1934 starting with Mandrake the Magician made by Lee Falk, and then came Superman made by Joe Shuster and Jerry Siegel. But how do superheroes do what they do? They play mind tricks, can lift up incredible amounts of weight and do stuff no regular human can do. In this paper I’m writing you will see how superheroes violate Newton’s 3 laws of motion. First let’s talk about batman and the movie that just came out called the dark night rises.In this movie batman leaps from a building for 4 to 5 seconds before opening his wings neglecting significant air resistance (this affect Newton’s 3rd law). Scientists found out that all that force applied exert about 1600 pounds of force to his arms. Not even the worlds strongest man can lift that much!! Next we talk about spider-man and his trickery. In his the movie spider-man 3 is basically immortal, never dying person.For example In a climatic battle scene spider man fall 80 stories and survives without breaking a bone, concussion, or presumably any internal bleeding. Lets use Newton’s second law to calculate (Fnet=ma) how much force the ground exerts on spider-man upon impact. After calculation we see that the weight of that fall is 47 tons. Wow if that any one else they would have die. Lastly we talk about the science of star trek (Kirk’s magic fingers). In the trailer we see that James T.Kirk is driving a car which is going about 80 mph (36 m/s). the car seems to be about 30 meters from edge when it starts skidding through dirt and sand. Newton second law says Fnet = Ffriction = Â µmg = ma where the acceleration of the car is completely due to the friction force. M is the mass of the car, g is equal to the acceleration due to gravity (9. 8m/s2) , Â µ is the coefficient of sliding friction between sand and tires (0. 5 at most), and a is the acceleration of the car.Solving for a we get: a = Â µg = (0. 5)(9. 8m/s2) = 4. 9 m/s2I f we assume a relatively constant acceleration then a = (v2 – v02)/2x Where v0 = 36m/s, a = – 4. 9 m/s2 and x = 30 m. Solving for v we find that the car goes over the cliff at a speed v = 32 m/s. so we figure out that Kirk fingers can hold 877 pounds. Someone knows how to work their fingers. So now you see what happens behind the scenes . So the next you see a movie don’t believe you see.

Poetry by Gwen Harwood Essay

â€Å"Ideas and the way those ideas are presented are what makes a poets’ work distinctive. Choose 2 poems from 1 poet and describe how they show the distinctive characteristics of this poets’ work. Gwen Harwood skilfully employs language techniques to explore a variety of distinctive themes and ideas in her poems. This is seen in ‘In The Park’ where Harwood explores the human condition through the simplistic and dull life of her female protagonist, while in ‘Prize Giving’ she explores multiple universal themes through her male protagonist Professor Eisenbart. Harwood effectively establishes a simplistic image through her title ‘In the Park’ to imply the mundane simplicity of the place, the people and the idea. This is enhanced through the simplistic first line as the woman â€Å"sits in the park†. Here we are introduced to the protagonist with her depressingly dull and monotonous life, clearly portrayed through Hardwood’s image in describing how the protagonist’s â€Å"clothes are out of date†. This not only portrays her shabby physical appearance but also the idea that she lives in the past and that time has passed her by. The use of negative connotation describing how her â€Å"two children whine and bicker, tug her skirt† adds to the depressing mood, before Hardwood goes on to tell us that â€Å"A third draws aimless patterns in the dirt†, helping to further reinforce her lack of purpose in life. The double entendre of the persona being â€Å"too late† on two levels effectively conveys that she is â€Å"too late† to show disinterest to him and that it is â€Å"too late† for her and this lost love to regain a close relationship. Harwood’s clever employment of the cliched expressions of â€Å"how nice† and â€Å"time holds great surprises† conveys how dull and pointless their conversation is to reinforce the superficiality of the situation and the pointlessness of their reunion as his â€Å"neat head† has no remnant of communication left to share with her. Furthermore, the woman’s low self esteem is portrayed as she interprets his of the words â€Å"but for the grace of God†¦ † as his relieved sense of having escaped her monotonous lifestyle. The vague and unimportance of their conversation is enhanced as â€Å"they stand a while in flickering light† whilst â€Å"rehearsing the children’s names and birthdays. † Harwood implies the facade of interest the man takes in the children who â€Å"whine, and bicker†, yet ironically the woman is talking to the man’s â€Å"departing smile†. Her uninviting and uninspiring lifestyle which is perhaps causing him to leave. A sense of motherly love is represented in he poem as the woman is â€Å"nursing the youngest child†. The image of the Madonna-like child on her implies something very different when we see her as she â€Å"sits staring at her feet†, her apathy replaces caring and the boredom of her life replaces her joys of motherly love. The final line of â€Å"to the wind she says, â€Å"they have eaten me alive. â€Å"†, conveys that sadly he is gone and that she is alone, with no one to talk to but the wind, to whic h she voices the truth of her pain and disillusionment. The ideas from â€Å"In the Park† are also reflected similarly in another of Harwood’s poems, ‘Prize Giving† where the arrogant Professor Eisenbart is contrasted to the dominating Titian-haired girl. The poem immediately establishes Professor Eisenbart as an abhorrent character through the use of connotative language in â€Å"rudely declined†. The professor is implied as stodgy and old fashioned character â€Å"when pressed with dry scholastic jokes† where he changes his mind and decides to â€Å"grace their humble platform†. This portrays the humble status of the school in contrast to his arrogance and superiority, which is further exemplified â€Å"when he appeared† and â€Å"the girls whirred with an insect nervousness†, implying that he sees himself as a light they’re attracted to. This sound imagery not only suggests the mood of interest in him but also the sound of the assembly as a collective. The head is differentiated â€Å"in humble black† who â€Å"flapped round and steered her guess, superb in silk and fur†, which characterizes her as comparatively less ego-centric that the â€Å"resplendently dressed guest. Alternately, she feels a sense of pride in others around her and in what she is doing when it is clear that Professor Eisenbart concerns only for himself. In the third stanza, the girls are referred to as â€Å"half-hearted blooms tortured to form the school’s elaborate crest† which creates an image of the flower arrangement that is the assembly. This imagery personifies the girls as reluctant to represent the school, but also symbolises their innocent flowering into womanhood which makes â€Å"Eisenbart scowl in violent distaste†, conveying that his indifference has turned into revulsion. The simile when Eisenbart â€Å"then recomposed his features to their best advantage: deep in thought, with one hand placed like Rodin’s Thinker† further enhances his self image of conceit and superficial self control for appearance sake as he stages this pose in this allusion to the classic thinker statue. Eisenbart vies the girls as a â€Å"mosaic of young heads, Blonde, black, mouse brown† as all he sees is a colour pattern of heads and does not acknowledge the girls individually. However, this is changed when â€Å"underneath a light†¦ ne girl sat grinning at him, her hand bent under her chin in mockery of his own†. Here, a spotlight is shone, in Eisenbarts’ mind, onto the titian haired girl who shows an amused perspective as she seems to interrupt him as no one else does. His closer observation now beyond the â€Å"mosaic† shoes a flicker of interest in him, as opposed to his previous disinterest. He remains uncaring and unintereste d by the â€Å"host of virgin hands† until once again he is challenged by the â€Å"girl with titian hair† who â€Å"stood up, hitched at a stocking, winked at near-by friends†. He notes all this detail move by move as implied by the punctuation in her attitude of directness, self-composure, self-composure and ultimately intention of some act to shatter his power. The youthful titian haired girl challenges â€Å"his calm age and power† of knowledge, experience and authority as she transforms before him and becomes a powerful person in her passion and her arrogance well beyond his own. From his indifference, he is now the â€Å"suffered† victim to â€Å"her strange eyes, against reason dark†. Harwood uses figurative language here to emphasize the change of his perspective as the power is now turning to her. Here there is a challenge between his logical sense of reason and the seeing â€Å"strange eyes† of this titian haired girl. They are odd to him because they allude the sense of reason that he lives by and she defies. The power and passion of the girl has â€Å"forged his rose-hot dream† and his own power is a fake, a forgery, in contrast to hers. The final stanza in this poem reveals that â€Å"age and power† can be challenged as Eisenbarts’ false superiority is seen through the â€Å"eyes† of the titian haired girl. Synecdoche is employed when Eisenbart is â€Å"summoned by arrogant hands† to show the girls power. She is symbolised by the power of her music, characterized as â€Å"titian-haired† to imply her passionate nature and her â€Å"eyes† that see through Eisenbarts’ superficial superiority and arrogance. Her power is further conveyed as â€Å"Eisenbart teased his gown†, showing his sexual unease and realisation that his self image is weakened. His perspective changes as the young and fiery girl defeats him by deflating his self- image and superiority. Eisenbart now sees himself differently as he â€Å"peered into a trophy which suspended his image upside down: a sage fool trapped†. His composure has left him and his self-image is reflected in her trophy as he is mirrored upside down, symbolically reversed and up-ended. The oxymoron in â€Å"sage fool† demonstrates that he is controlled by her power. The ideas presented in Gwen Harwood’s poetry is made distinctive through her use of a variety of themes and language techniques. The powerful ideas represented in â€Å"In the Park† and â€Å"Prize Giving† explore multiple universal themes and give the reader a better insight into the human condition.

L’oreal and the Globalization of American Beauty Essay

How did L’Oreal become the world’s largest beauty company? What was the role of acquisitions in the growth? The global strategy of Loreal started first from European countries like Austria, Italy, and the Holland providing hare care and hair color products. After the launch in the USA, they decided to expand their market share by mainly M&A of many similar but way smaller companies. With proper acquisition strategy over the years, they finally became the largest company in beauty industry. L’Oreal offers consumers worldwide â€Å"American† and â€Å"French† concepts of beauty. Are there any limits to the national beauty images it can globalize? There may be some limits for Lorear to go more ‘worldwide’ even if they have huge branches and offices over the world. I think it may be related with ‘racial issues’. The society for ‘minority’ is changing faster than ever before, but still, the ‘majority’ of American and European countries are white but Asian, African American, and Hispanic. Thus, if they really care about optimal ‘globalization’ in all ways, they should probably consider making their diversified strategy in other markets (minorities). What are the global opportunities for Kiehl’s? What are the limits, if any? Even though Kiehl’s were taken over by Loreal through M&A, their products are not easily found at many stores, unlike there are so many producsts of Lorean in any store. And this is mainly because their products line are simply expensive targeting luxury market, so I think if they really want to go ‘global’ they should find proper way to make their products easily available to the customers through mega-stores like walmart, or target.

The US Footwear Industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The US Footwear Industry - Essay Example Comfort Shoes is trying to target health conscious customers of all ages and genders in order to develop a potential customer base. However, the organization is planning to implement an online business strategy in order to achieve potential competitive advantages. At the initial stage, it may face some difficulties in finding effective employees necessary for effective business operations. The case study will analyze the scenario and discuss the case problem to make the readers understand the purpose of the study. Overview/Analysis Several organizations are trying to capitalize on the potential business opportunities that are developed due to globalization and the technological revolution. Comfort Shoes is a newly developed organization. The organization is trying to implement advanced technology in its business processes in order to meet the satisfaction level of target customers. The online shopping facility can help the customers to reduce their consumption time. At the initial st age, it is quite hard for the organization to cope with the start-up challenges. It is not easy to grab the market share of existing leading organizations through this strategy. Comfort Shoes is trying to raise capital from venture investors through the help of their business plan. Setting up an effective and fast server for online marketing activities is quite important for an online retail organization. It is necessary for the organization to conduct an effective market survey in order to determine the growth of online retail marketing. The organization is planning to provide advertisements on several social media networking sites. It is another costly effort. On the other hand, several leading footwear organizations have adopted information technology in the business processes after achieving a significant growth rate and market share. Customer awareness is another key thing for the newly developed organization. It is only focusing on online activities rather than utilization of several kinds of promotional media. It is quite important for the organization to manage cost at the initial stage of the business process. In addition, the organization should think about the implementation of unique promotional strategies to attract target customers. Status Report The management of Comfort Shoes understood the risk of intense market competition and market saturation. They did some adjustments in their marketing strategies before the implementation of online marketing activities. The marketing managers of the organization suggested the managing director of the organization to organize an urgent meeting with the stakeholders regarding this issue. The marketing manager told that the organization should conduct a real-time primary market research to understand the market trend and customers. He proposed that some executives of the company should be assigned to conduct a market research activity through the sample survey method. A questionnaire should be distributed to the people of all ages. According to the instruction, the executives conducted a survey by distributing a prepared close-ended questionnaire (Appendix). After the completion of data collection, the organization reviewed the answers. 78% of total respondents shared that the organization should try to follow print media, digital media and online promotional strategies to enhance customer awareness. After getting the outcome, the stakeholders committed to help the organization for the promotional activities. Case Problem The managing director of Comfort Shoes was concerned before the sample survey process that the management team of the organization did not avail sufficient information to make a valid decision for the future business perspective. Demand for

Leadership within the human behavior Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Leadership within the human behavior - Essay Example Leadership is one of the most studied topics within the human behavior in organization realm. Regardless of career or profession, the need for leaders could not be denied since they play a crucial role in steering the people within the organization towards that achievement of identified goals. In one’s particular career that is currently being pursued, that of a physician assistant, the Physician Assistant Education Association (PAEA) is the national organization that governs accredited programs within the profession (Physician Assistant Education Association, 2012). As revealed U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, physician assistants (PAs), â€Å"practice medicine under the direction of physicians and surgeons. They are formally trained to examine patients, diagnose injuries and illnesses, and provide treatment† (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2012). Due to the nature of responsibilities and accountabilities in patient care, leadership skills are essential to be assesse d and evaluated within this profession. The leadership essay hereby aims to present the results of the Student Leadership Practices Inventory test taken and to identify those leadership characteristics that were the strengths and weaknesses noted therein. The discourse would likewise determine how one would maintain the identified strengths and address the weaknesses. Since one is pursuing a career as a physician assistant, the essay would also proffer what the professional association says about leadership and to provide one’s contention.

Comparison of Walmart and Target Policies and Practices Term Paper

Comparison of Walmart and Target Policies and Practices - Term Paper Example Walmart has one of the most elaborate ethical policies within the industry. Part of the reason for this is that Walmart has a tendency of issuing new ethical policies after facing a legal crisis or a new challenge. For instance, in the year 2005, the company issued a lengthy policy statement after ousting seven managers that had been working for the company. The company's policy statement outlined some of the obligations that employees are required to adhere to when dealing with clients. Walmart is very strict about the personal conduct of its staff members within the employee-customer relationship. Employees are required to exercise honesty, respect, and good judgment. ... This area is especially sensitive because other firms in the retail sector have spent millions of dollars in lawsuits due to non-adherence to accounting ethics and practices. The company asserts that accountants who fail to hold utmost accounting practices will be ousted out of their positions with immediate effect. Walmart also covers ethics in staff employment practices as the company also extends its social responsibility to employees within the company. For instance, all workplace benefits relating to married couples have also been extended to gay unions. Additionally, the company believes in the fact that no employee should be discriminated upon. The same policy also applies to clients. All clients in Walmart ought to be treated in a manner that is sensitive and respectful; the company will not tolerate any cases of racism, gender bias or any other sort of discrimination. On top of this, the company believes in meeting its obligations towards its employees by giving them their due payments and benefits. Walmart firmly believes that all of its stakeholders should exercise corporate responsibility and share many similar values.     

Arguing that owen shows the horrific and piterous nature of war Essay

Arguing that owen shows the horrific and piterous nature of war - Essay Example In this poem he portrays the futility of soldiers deaths and sufferings of men who are still alive, but know that death is â€Å"around the corner†. The message of this poem is that war is senseless, war brings only grief and constant tension to be killed. In contrast to this horrible picture of war reality, the other poem â€Å"The Send Off† depicts the departure of soldiers who have not been faced with reality of war. It is possible to predict that these young boys have heard a lot of battles and operations, but none of them can imagine the casualties of war-time. In both poems, Owen uses similar techniques to impress the reader and convey the message of the poems. His structural and stylistic devices reveal a variety of interpretations as to the meaning in the poems. The title â€Å"Futility† comments on the main idea of the poem, which means death of innocent people (soldiers) who can do nothing to protect themselves. The use of past tense underlines the fact that a soldier on the battlefield is dead and nothing can bring him back. The title â€Å"The Send Off† is an example of sarcasm which questioned the necessity of new deaths. Rural landscapes in â€Å"Futility† underlines that the common sense of a battle field cannot be explained through a personal interest of people taking part in a battle because a soldier means nothing as a subject but more as a tool of a battle field. In â€Å"The Send Off†, Owen uses the phrase â€Å"down the close darkening lanes† to depicts that even nature is against futile sacrifices. The use of â€Å"once† means that a person has only one life, which cannot be â€Å"restored†; it means that soldiers can never rise from the dead. The contrast between picturesque landscapes and deaths helps Owen to emphasize the futility of war-time. The pessimism of â€Å"The Send Off† unveils the outcome of soldiers’ departure when Owen questions the necessity of civic duty or â€Å"The Send Off† which is usually accepted and accomplished

Company Audit for Darden Restaurants Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Company Audit for Darden Restaurants - Essay Example For example, the company takes advantage of the contemporary trends in demand towards national cuisine and healthy dining by introduction of the new brands and formats, e.g. Bahama Breeze and Seasons 52. It addresses the growing competition from the other established chain operators, as well as local restaurants, by constant improvement of the operational activities and emphasis on market research and product improvement. Darden Restaurants is a leader in the casual dining market. Its position, however, is constantly challenged by the two closest competitors, namely Applebee's International and Brinker International. Both operators have established position in the hospitality industry and currently operate big chains of company-owned restaurants under Applebee's brand (Applebee's International) and Rockfish, Chilli's, Romano Macaroni Grill, Maggiano's, On the Other Border Mexican Grill brands (Brinker International). The areas of strength include market share, financial position, and advertising. Darden Restaurants Company is leading with regard to the most influential factors, including product quality, management, and market share. However, the company can improve its standing in terms of global expansion, pricing strategy and gaining customer loyalty. The Internal Factors Evaluation Matrix (see below) was constructed to assess the strengths and weaknesses of the functional areas of the Darden Restaurants Company. The strengths and weaknesses are chosen based on how they affect the ability of the chain to take advantage of the external opportunities and limit or control the risks. Internal Factors Evaluation Matrix (IFE) Key Internal Factors Weight Rating Weighted Score Internal Strengths Financial position (revenues and net income) .15 4 .60 Steady growth for several years in revenues and EPS .10 4 .40 Marketing research .10 4 .40 Constant brand

Hybrid Brand Strategy Report Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Hybrid Brand Strategy Report - Research Paper Example Horticultural products, therefore, demand quick marketing and a relatively short supply chain (Tollens et al. 2000). Branding has for a long time been known to be a rather effective instrument in creating consumer loyalty for new and existing products. A branded product has 65% chance of fetching high market in the prime market and 78% in restaurants (Brakus et al. 2009). For a product with a strong brand name, consumers tend to pull towards it. The low-grade horticultural products can be distributed to hotels and institutions (Sprott et al. 2009). There is, therefore, the need to develop a brand for horticultural products such as fruits and vegetables. This is because with the target market involving the five-star hotels, and prime shopping centers, having branded products is more profitable that having unbranded commodities (He et al. 2012). Auxiliary brand affiliation is characterized as interfacing a brand with some other business that may influence the production of new brand relationship with the organizations additionally impact existing affiliations (French & Smith 2013). It is more like a component of showcasing marking. Brand picture, brand mindfulness, and brand importance have their immediate effects on brand value. Brand affiliation transmits the value of different organizations to the brand in thought. Customers judge the brand esteem on the premise of brand components that are related straightforwardly and principally with the hidden item, for the case, physical highlights, bundling and hues, and instrumental qualities (Severi & Ling 2013). Be that as it may, these judgments can likewise be taking into account auxiliary or aberrant affiliations, which allude to affiliations identified with organizations instead of specifically associated with judge an item. These organizations incorporate different organiza tions, their nations of the root, circulation channels, representative, and brands (Chen 2001). The association of brand to the

Dante, Plato, Aristotle Essay Example for Free

Dante, Plato, Aristotle Essay The assignment is poetry v. philosophy. Plato speaks of a quarrel b/t poetry and philosophy. He dismisses the arts while Aristotle defends them. DO we see traces of this quarrel in later traditions? If so, where? And how is it played out there? For this essay, in addition to Plato and Aristotle, focus on Dantes Inferno. (Please look to see if my thesis is clear and strong, my evidence is all relevant, and whether this whole essay persuades you) Throughout his life, Plato strongly believed that the arts and philosophy directly opposed each other. On the other hand, Aristotle defended poetry as an aid to philosophy. Dante, a philosophical poet, successfully synthesizes Plato and Aristotles views in the Divine Comedy of the Inferno without compromising either school of thought. He acknowledges the fact that while the arts have its uses within the material world and philosophy its uses in the spiritual, both need the other to be complete. Both Plato and Aristotle agree that poetry brings about great emotion which has a lasting impact on the individual and society. However, they disagree on poetrys emotional effects. In Meno, Plato believes it results in harm while Aristotle argues that it leads to improvement in Poetics. Upon closer inspection, we see that Dantes Inferno contains a philosophical significance underlying its poetic style. Poetry and philosophy work towards the same end, but in different ways. There is no doubt that poetry is an imitation. What Aristotle and Plato dispute over is the source of that imitation. Plato strongly states that the arts are mimetic, twice removed from the truth. They are an imitation of the ideal entities in the realm of the forms, in which all things are perfect. For instance, tragedy presents multiple possibilities and situations rather than a single essence. In Meno, Platos Socrates discusses the difference between doxa and episteme. Poets, politicians and priests utilize doxa, a type of knowledge that is not mediated through any intellectual reasoning. This further demonstrates the composition of the material realm. Right opinion, or doxa, flees from the mind just as the materialistic body quickly perishes. Socrates says opinion is not worth much until it is fastened with reasoning of cause and effect (Plato 65). He is alluding to episteme, true knowledge that remains in the brain. This is accomplished through intellectual inquiry in the ideal realm. Throughout the dialogue, Menon insults Socrates by saying he looks like a stingray, alluding to a type of numbing-drug. However, Menon proves to have false knowledge as Socrates shows how anamnesis occurs via the Socratic Method. Only when he experiences aporia, the state of confusion and realization of ones ignorance, can he reach true knowledge. The reference to the drug, pharmakon, symbolizes how Menon became numb to the false, material world in order to transition to the divine realm where all things originate. While Plato asserts that imitation comes from the true essence of things, Aristotle believes it has its roots in human action. In Poetics, he examines how humans have an instinct for imitation, harmony and rhythm. We often learn our earliest lessons from mimesis. Aristotle asserts that the only way to reach the ideal is through action. He views it as a horizontal developmental rather than a vertical one, as Plato did. By the process of energia, we move from potential to actuality. This is also analogous to the concept of the material to the ideal. We come out of the cave and into the sun through our own activities. As the arts best represent action, tragedy contains knowledge because it presents psychological possibilities and universal truths about ourselves. Each possible reality may be the ideal essence. Tragedy, after all, is an imitation of action and of life, not men. The stage externalizes whats within our souls. The actors play out the meaning of life which the audience can safely inspect without endangering themselves. This perspective is extremely human-centric compared to Platos divine ideal. For instance, tragedy contains plot that is action-centric and based on the structure of incidents. Unlike a story, a plots events can be resequenced in any fashion. This is like an experiment in which the stage is our lab. A plot can furthermore be split in two ways: complex or simple. A complex plot contains peripeteia and anagnorisis. The latter, similar to Platos Meno, shows the progression from ignorance to knowledge. Yet the characters on stage, even after making decisions, are still susceptible to Fortunes will. Thus peripeteia occurs, alluding to God and the divine realm we ultimately reach with the aid of anagnorisis. There are some things people cant control. However, what we do imitate and control are our actions within the material world. For Aristotle, action was the most significant aim to focus on. In Dantes Inferno, the poet Virgil guides Dante into Hell. Poetry begins to act as a gentler remedy compared to philosophy. It is more relatable to the human mind and physical world. Through catharsis, Dante must eliminate all emotional tumult to become enlightened. This process of catharsis is similar to the movement from the material to spiritual realm. Paradiso, the highest realm, is where true intellect exists and where we become one with God. In the second canto, Dante demonstrates the wickedness of emotions and the materialistic realm when Virgil tells him: Your soul has been assailed by cowardice, which often weighs so heavily on a man- distracting him from honorable trails- as phantoms frighten beasts when shadows fall. (lines 45-48) This is an extremely Platonian perspective. Partially right, Plato believed that tragedy produced cowardly leaders as it appealed to passion rather than logic and reason. Through Virgil, Dante demonstrates how the arts, especially poetry, are effective in cleansing the soul of emotion by experiencing or contemplating it. Much like the Socratic Method in Meno, Dante must become numb to false knowledge via catharsis and begin with a clean slate. He accomplishes this by observing the damned in the inferno. When he passes through aporia, only then will he become enlightened and obtain truth. The shadows are a reference to Augustines visio corporals, the cave of pure materiality, in which false knowledge resides. Dante says in canto one that man must come out of the shadowed forest (line 2) where he is so full of sleep (line 11). All this is accomplished through human action, represented through tragedy and poetry. Furthermore, Virgil symbolizes the coming emergence of Christian Rome through Dante. He has already taken Aeneas to the Underworld, setting up the entire story. Parallel to this, poetry lays the necessary foundation for the coming age of philosophy. Dante uses typology of the inferno to paradiso. Like the Hebrew Bible, the inferno remains incomplete and foreshadows whats to come. The New Testament completes the text, in the same way philosophy does to poetry. Each is interdependent on the other. In the Inferno, Dante fails to read the inscription to the Gateway to Hell, demonstrating how the archaic style of backgrounding no longer resounds in the new age of foregrounding. This method brings to light how the mind reads and interprets with reason. Because the material realm is incomplete, Dante cannot move to this abstract, spiritual meaning without first going through the forest. In the third canto, Virgil describes to Dante how those in hell have lost the good of the intellect (line 18). The mind can never be fulfilled as it is a pure sensory experience. This is proven when Virgil is only able to guide Dante so far. He cannot take Dante beyond the material realm because he is not a Christian. He represents the arts, the non-metaphysical. A higher entity, Beatrice, will lead him to paradiso. Virgil declares in canto one: If you would then ascend as high as these / a soul more worthy than I am will guide you (lines 121-122). Likewise, we can think of poetry, represented by Virgil, as a disguise to philosophy, the eventual remedy of Beatrice. While philosophy speaks of a thing itself, poetry uses metaphors as a transition to reach a philosophical conclusion. It is a vehicle for truth in its own peculiar way, addressing our minds through imagination, sensibility and feelings. Dante can synthesize Plato and Aristotles views because they are working toward one common goal: the divine, the cave of pure intellect. The mechanisms of philosophy are simply a more sophisticated turn on poetry. Traces of Plato are still seen in Dante, especially when he states in the fifth canto: Those who undergo this torment are damned because they sinned subjecting reason to the rule of lust (lines 37-39). However, in tragedy, what seems irrational and absurd to the audience becomes permeated with reason as it speaks the universal truth about ourselves. The arts show there is something beyond human thought and action as the audience learn how we cannot control everything. There is something beyond this human, materialistic world that we cannot begin to understand. This is God, which is exactly what philosophy aims at. It speaks the truth, not only of human action, but of the existence of the ultimate good. In this way, poetry consists of rational thought and intellect. Virgil tells Dante in canto eight: Forget your fear, no one can hinder our passage; One so great has granted it (lines 104-105). We are turning inward to our souls to reach the divine. This also speaks of Gods infinite and unexplainable power. God makes the impossible possible. Dante had to go down into the deepest level of hell to see the divine. This irony demonstrates catabasis and anagogy, the one single movement towards God. Furthermore, Cassius and Brutus foreshadow Judas betrayal. These three make up the material inversion of the Holy Trinity. We are able to see God in Lucifer. This demonstrates the typology from the inferno to paradiso as well as the process of recollection in Platos Meno and Aristotles Poetics. Just as Dante had to move through death to experience life, the reader must pass through poetry to obtain philosophy. All thinking about God involves moving from the material to the realm of the forms. The divine uses metaphors, our language, to help us understand. We are able to indirectly talk to God through poetry as He determines our fate. It was his will to send Dante into Hell. Like poetrys catharsis and philosophys pharmakon, Dante engages his mind as he journeys through the inferno. By looking and contemplating the suffering of the damned, he becomes reconciled to aspects of his life which would otherwise be nonsensical. Both the poet and philosopher seek the existence of God and of the metaphysical. Although Dante recognizes that the arts have limited utility, he realizes how poetry helps lay the foundation for philosophy through the Aristotelian and Platonian method. It has a cognitive function by helping to better appreciate and complete philosophy. As Venantius Fortunatus wrote in his hymn Vexilla Regis, by death did life procure. Likewise, by poetry did philosophy come about.

Sustainable tourism and Destination Management in Business

Sustainable tourism and Destination Management in Business The term sustainable is used for a tourism which does not affect or damage the destinations tours economy, environment and the tradition culture. Therefore the prime purpose of sustainable tourism is to do everything they can in order to that tourism remain positive experience of people of tourism destination together with tourist alike. Marcel Proust has write about tourism that there are many people who want to see the entire world with their own pair of eyes but the real journey would be when they will try and see the one single place but with the eyes of hundreds of people. Tourist can make their holidays exciting and enjoyable together with making sure that sustainability requirement of tourist destination by looking for and following diversity and promotion of sustainability when selecting tourism destination. The following are the few basic criteria given by an organization called global sustainable tourism group Demonstrate effective sustainable management Maximize social and economic benefits to the local community and minimize negative impacts. Maximize benefits to cultural heritage and minimize negative impacts. Maximize benefits to the environment and minimize negative impacts The name Disneyland is very well known as being a resort for the holidays and recreational activities. It is located in the Marne-la-Vallà ©e, which is a comparatively a new town can be found with in the eastern suburbs of Paris, France. The exact location of Disneyland is about 20mile or 32 kilometres always from the Paris centre and located in the commune of Chessy, Seine-et-Marne. The Disneyland of Paris, France is made up of two theme parks, seven wonderful cosy comfortable hotels owned by Disney with one retail, dining and entertainment district. Disney land was in operation since the year 1992 and is first Disney resort which is located not inside into the United States. The estimated figures show that the number of visitors to both Disneyland Park and Walt Disney studio part were about 15 million in 2009 and that makes it most visited place in Europe. The key fact relate with how the creation of Disneyland in Paris affect tourism revenue for France. The total visitor who tour France some 4.8% visited Disneyland as part of their trip Disneyland has attracted around 0.2 billion people since its inception. 1/3 of our foreign visitors combine a visit to the Resort and to Paris In 2008, 6.43% of foreign tourist spending in France was generated by foreign visitors at the Resort 5th largest hotel  accommodation capacity in France  (after Paris, Lourdes, Lyon and Nice): over 8,000 hotel rooms and apartments  in vacation residences (5,800 in Disney Hotels) 71% of  all room-nights sold  in the Seine-et-Marne department and 10.11%  for the Ile-de-France region Frances leading integrated business tourism venue: 2 convention centres host 1,000 business events every year in more than 23,500 sqm dedicated to seminars and conventions Disney Village, the leading urban leisure centre in Ile-de-France (after Paris). Sustainability, including identification and actions to correct any areas of un-sustainability. The history of Disneyland from the creation of it shows that this project was result of public and private partnership which leads to creation of one of the leading destination for tourism. Together with Disneyland, a new town with name of Val d Europe. Both projected took almost thirty long years and used a land 1943 hectares. There is an ongoing partnership within the framework of a decision-making triangle, associating the French Government, Euro Disney and local authorities including  the Ile-de-France Regional council, the Seine-et-Marne Departmental Council and the Val dEurope New Town Association (SAN) which encompasses five municipalities (Bailly-Romainvilliers, Chessy, Coupvray, Magny-le-Hongre and Serris). the development of Disney started when Walt Disney company had identified the location for their European resort in Marne-la-Valle which was a relatively newly develop town in France but the company estimate that due to it central location it will attract a market of large number of people because of ease accessibility which is estimate at around 310 million potential visitor. But the government of France want it in lle-de-France due to number of reason such tax revenue, employment etc and most importantly they wanted to sustain environment and therefore during the implementation of this project every possible step is taken in order to not only follow the norms but to protect environment (not only the natural environment but the preservation of demographic characteristic, structure of the building and employment issues etc were also part of it) and therefore make project more sustainable from its very inception. The Disneyland resort project were conducted in the environment where regulation were high and that make this project more sustainable as the most common problem with deregulation is that sustainability issues went into background. This environment of high social regulation is the basic characteristic of french deregulation model as France were not yet ready to follow free market and privatization as way of controlling and monitoring and governing the industries. The company is now in discussion with France government for further development of resort which will ensure the well being of population in that of part of the France together with improving investment in sustaining environment. The company is very well committed to sustainability of its resort and therefore have got very detail plan in order the resort as prime sustainable tourist destination which not only limited to Europe but the whole world and therefore companys approach towards sustainable environment, improving quality of life of its employee and local community in which it operate and especially company promote children and families in particular and make the resort number one choice for every child and environmentally conscious families who are looking for the best but sustainable tourist place. The company is involve in number of project whose main emphasis is on the fulfilment of needs children and families and make special donation and participate in charitable activities related with children and arts. The major factors which make Disneyland resort a renown in name sustainable tourist destination is its commitment towards maintaining a sustainable environment but Disneyland Paris doesnt stop it here but together with involving and donating generously to charities dream world improving lives of thousands of people if not million of people through creation of employment, contribute in economic growth by purchasing local material and products, hire services of local community for various initiatives, with all of these Disneyland Paris contribute in national tax revenue. In order to promote and sustain the development of local community through education and learning as company hire people and provide them necessary training and together with that Disneyland Paris support those employees who improve the local community and has system of Cast Member in place through the company ensure that people got training from company become active citizen of their communities and help those people who desperately need help. Disneyland Paris has created a separate department named as community relations department in order look after the community in which it operates. There is another program which is named as Disney Volunteers program in which company sponsor the voluntary actions of employees. Since its beginning Disneyland Paris has special focus on environmental impact of its activities and taking environmental stewardship is its legacy and company has taken some real steps towards making environmental steward a part of its culture and consideration to environmental impact of its policies and decisions as automatic and embed process and part of the Disneyland culture. How the destination has been and is being managed to achieve sustainability Regarding environmental impact Disneyland Paris has recently publicize its environmental goal which will result in better management of the impact of its activities and decision on environment and will also inspire the visitors to promote sustainability. The basic approach which Disneyland resort has followed in past and will continue to do so in future is based on effective use of and conservation of water, energy and ecosystem together reducing substantially the carbon emission, reducing the waste. Disney land has announce in 2006 that it would increasing its renewable energy as of energy with at least 15% of its total energy requirement will be from renewable source which will have positive on environment . Disneyland has taken solid and concrete step towards implementation of recycle bin across the resort and in that connection since last year 2008, there were twenty new recycle bin were put in place across the Walt Disney Studio park thats another step in right direction by Disneyland, shows that Disneyland resort is fully committed to the sustainability objectives and is taking steps towards reduce its carbon footprint in order to protect environment. Another example of Disneylands solid commitment towards improving the environment and sustain the climate is the use fully certified plastic bags which are made up of 80% of recycle material which is very encouraging step and is protecting and environment climate alike while these plastic bag are truly certified from an independent agency that is recognized for environmental labelling in Europe. Disneyland has collected waste weighted around ten tonnes since 2008, as it is fully committed towards making Disneyland a sustainable tourism destination and environmentally responsible company. Disneyland has one of the effective and efficient strategies towards reducing its energy requirement through effective and efficient use of existing energy resource, one of these strategies is installation of motion detectors across the 139 banglows which can automatically control lighting and therefore will save the energy and reduce the environmental footprints of Disneyland resort. Together with the motion detectors there is water conserving showers as a replacement for bath tubs which are very effective reducing the wastage of water. These bath tubs were installed in combination with tin roof, picture window walls which make sure the natural light comes in. Disneyland but the story is not finish here as Disney land has taken further step towards reducing wastage of water by installing 185 hand dryers which are made up of high technology but the good things is that they take 80 % less energy than traditional hand dryers in order to preserve the climate and reduce energy use while these hand dryers will also reduce the wastage paper towels which is another positive step from Disneyland in order to make it a real sustainable tourism destination. Like any other resort water is very important for Disneyland as it has very crucial role to play in Disneyland magic and experience and thats why is one of the areas of sustainability and environmental protection on which Disneyland has taken concrete steps and make the prime efforts to use water resource as efficiently as possible and Disneyland hope to achieve this through onsite environmental management system operate by control team which ensure the consumption of water reduced and it work by helping the maintenance people to perform effective control over the consumption of water. The Disney company is world wide known for following an aggressive policy to achieve sustainability and as matter of fact company installed a new synthetic skating rink which replace its ice rink and this development will result in efficient usage of water resource together with energy and most importantly it will avoid the ise refrigent fluid which is not environmentally best option. Disland has installed Rockefeller Plaza skating ring which will result in reduction in wastage of water as it will be permanently iceless and therefore that makes it the largest open air rinks in the entire Europe. Disneyland Paris is fully aware of the threat climate change poses and therefore did every possible efforts to reduce its environmental footprints and in consistent with this strategy the Disneyland is considering taking a bold step by introducing a commuter plan which will make sure that car use is minimize as much as possible and will result optimization of travel regarding business, the project is estimate to take five more years. In order to take immediate steps Disneyland has encourage staff on less usage of car by offering them exciting incentives, an example of is availability of scheme which encourage Cast Members towards the usage of public transport instead of personal vehicle by offering them incentive of paying 65% of cost of travel by company. Currently some 28% of total Cast members are availing this opportunity and using public transport therefore saving the carbon emission. Another program implemented by Disneyland is regarding the carpooling which is already launched and Disneyland considering expanding this program, due to effective of this program towards the goal of sustainable environment. This statement is proved through discussing the various plans and strategies Disneyland Paris have taken in above paragraphs. The company has another program with the name of Green which is program design to raise awareness across the globe and through which Disneyland give sufficient powers to its Cast Members in order to make them able to reduce their environmental impact and as result of this program Disneyland has reduce the use of bottled water by around 60% by creation of 335 water fountains backstage, a significant number of (almost over thirteen hundred) cardboard across the resort are recycled and they are replace with cardboard compactors and not only this but there were less usage of paper by an estimated of 8% were also result of this program and by the way the paper used is 100% recycled with duly certified. Conclusion: Disneyland is an environmental responsible and sustainable company which not always adhere to follow minimum requirement but take critical step necessary in order to achieve sustainability across all the boundaries. Disneyland Paris has always show itself as a leader in order to achieve sustainable development and implement sustainable policies and is firmly dedicated to create an internal working environment which safe and sustainable. Disneyland Paris has invested significant resource in developing and implementation effective and efficient training and development program for its Cast Members to make this step a example for other companies to follow in order the a sustainable and environmentally aware society. Disney land support its Cast Member through offering various option together with providing them all the require tool and technique in order make them live a life which is healthier. The number of people applying to become Cast Member in Disneyland shows that the company is putting significant resource in its program and Show Companys commitment towards suitability. Disneyland is truly a sustainable tourist destination with all the policies in place and implemented effectively in order to make it ensure that environment is protected and green house gas emission are reduce and together with other objective Disneyland is fully committed towards improving the lives of its employees and community through taking various initiative.

The Development Of The Hospitality Industry

The Development Of The Hospitality Industry Historians have traced the development of the hospitality industry through thousands of years and many cultures Viewing the industry through lens of history is helpful because it reveals the strong relationship between the shape of hospitality and the needs and expectations of diffrents societies. Because societies will continue to change in what they want,the hospitality industry will also continue to change . Future leaders within the industry will need to be focused on the ever-changing workforce and the evolving expectations of the travelling customers. 1.Define the term Hospitality Industry and give examples, advantages, and disadvantages of their use in the hospitality industry. If youre one of the people who gets satisfaction from provide service with a warm smile , this industry could be right up your alley in no time. In the hospitality industry , looking good and presenting good is being warm and cheerful and making people feel comfortable plays an important part of the hotel industry.The industry covers a wide various of portfolios in fields ranging from hotel to hotel to tourism and public relations.Hospitality and leisure contain of industry within the food services,recreation,accommodation and entertainment sectors.The ministry tourism has predicted a boom in the hotel sector in the country and those in the city wanting to be a part of this boom can chose courses offered by several institutes and colleges.Therefore, there are private institutes in the city that offers courses that will help many students to become airline cabin staff such as flight crew. Flight crew are require to have a cool head in times and calm passengers down in the emergency si tuations and see to it that they are kept comfortable and safe. Their duities include serving ,selling , preparation of onboard food and beverages.with the advantages of the hotel industry there also comes the disadvantages too. The disadvantages are working later hours at night and be very busy whole day, sometimes you may even skip your lunch , dinner . The disadvantages are also required training and education for a hotel management career , one disadvantages is to enter a career in hotel management is a need to gain some education and experience . Almost all of the hotel chains require a bachelors or masters degree to enter management position. Usually , the specialization in hospitality or hotel management is preferred and always needed. Therefore , motels may only require an associates relevant experience . Formal internships may also can required in some cases.Work environment, Employment Prospects , is another disadvantages in hotel industry , despite having a certain degree , there are also many types disadvantages to the work environment and job duties of a hotel and as a manager in the hotel. It may be difficult to conduct a whole range of activities to maintain a hotels function. This adds pressure from the responsibility of turning a profit. Although hotel managers can create their own schedule , may times maintain a hotel business requires working a very long hour. Usually, managers are on-call. In most some nighttime work hours will be require. Creates problems of adaptability to forgein environment and culture and its also increases the forgiveness of the subsidiary, it may also involve high transfer and salary coasts .hotel industry may lead to high failure rate. May be subject to local government restrictions. hotel industry theres many advantages and disadvantages working in a hotel line is not an easy job to do. It has all the hustle and bustle . but , the advantages in working in the hotel line is you get to see the beautiful atmosphere an d know many different types of people . Some of them maybe proud some of them are very friendly. The disadvantages are the working in the hotel line is a very tiring job also. Despite their operating freedom and generally small scale ,independents confront more difficult financial challenges than chain hotel . They faced the highest failure rate in the recession of the early 1990s . In order to get off the ground , they usually must raise large amounts of capital and show a very early profit ,despite limited advertising ans sales budgets . Independent hoteliers develop all of their own operations systems , so they succeed or fail based on the effectiveness of these systems . These systems are often very expensive and require significant debt service . Charge a commission that can be as high as 10 or 15 percent of the room rate. CONCLUSION : In conclusion , once again if the employee acknowledges the request and at least fulfill it to the customer is usually satisfied. On the other hand employee disinterest or unwillingness to consider resolving the service encounter leaves the customers dissatisfied. Advantages and disadvantages also have their good and bad sides . Both must changes and improve. QUESTION 2 : INTRODUCTION : Government that bring tourism to an economy all levels make an effort to develop and promote tourists destinations . One way governments do this, describe as earlier by providing facilities and capital investment unkeep at government à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½Cowned destinations such national parks , monuments , and historical attractions. 2)Find out the factors that affecting travel and tourism. Explain in detail. Many Countries and destination areas seek the advantages that make tourism attractive.A healthy tourism trade benefits countries economically , socioculturally and environmentally . Carefully planning and management can help lessen negative impact. Economic gains and costs when a destination is developed for tourism , the wave of tourists coming in has a tremendous impact on the local and national economy. Therefore , local economy reaps the benefits at other times , it bears the costs ad outsiders take home the gains . Almost all destination require facilities and services nearby to satisfy the needs of visitors .Tourists usually spend money during their stay at a destination . Visitor spending provides income and profit for my businesses , hotel , restaurants , service stations , golf courses , grocery stores and souvenir shops. Business travel to a destination for conventions and meetings directly benefits transportation businesses , hotels and restaurants . Tourism also generates government revenue from direct taxation of tourism businesses and tourists. Local , state and national governments receive revenues from sales taxes , room taxes , alcohol and gasoline taxes , and user fees for parks , tollroads and other. Increase government revenue that may be used to improve the areas infrastructure can elevate the quality of life for local residents. Direct spending is money that goes directly from the traveler into the economy . This money includes payments for hotel rooms , restaurants meals , rental cars , recreation ,entertainment and souvenirs . Indirect spending is more income and further employment . For example : foodservice establishment ideally buy food and beverages from local suppliers . The suppliers make purchases from local farmers . Part of the money also supports employees who work in the hotel , restaurants , and other tourist businesses . The workers in turn pay for housing , buy groceries and so forth. Economic costs tourism also have a nega tive impact. One concern is the opportunity cost , that will be sacrificed by using a resource one way rather than another. For example : a community might have to decide between expanding an airport to bring in more tourists or allowing a manufacturer to locate on a particular piece of real estate . Leakage or money that flows out of the local economy to purchase outside resources . Many of the goods and services that are needed to satisfy tourists desires have to be imported. Thus , not all of the direct and indirect tourists expenditure money will stay in the local economy . Minimizing leakage is developing countries can minimize the loss of tourists income. For example : through trade negotiations they can reduce imports of tourism à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½Crelated-materials and support industries instead. Economic benefits of destination development can outweigh possible negative impact. Sociocultural impact the effect of increased hospitality and tourism activities on the ways individual w ith other members of the society may be positive or negative. Changing family lifestyle and cross-cultural may result in either positive or negative influences .Weathers and special events are things that travelers would consider when planning their travel guide.The tourism industry is affected by a various of different kind of factors. Some of these kind of causes certain venue while other people affect tourism as a whole. Even if someone is having on something like travel. For many people , travel is considered a luxury to be done with lots of money when times are good. Prices in gas / fuel always have an effect on the tourism industry First if people are spending more on gas they may never want to take long distance road trip. Airline and bus companies need to pay for gas as well, they may need added cost even when this goes up just a little .Natural disasters can have an influence on specific destinations , furthermore people are hit by a natural disasters then they will not be worried about travelling.Many local residents find their lives changed when they obtain tourism related employment. Young people may enter the job market for the first time when tourism development occurs . On the positive side , this may contribute to increase family income , allowing families to buy products that were previously creased their means. The changed in lifestyle may also lead to demands for better housing and changes in dress and eating habits . When local people adopt practices from tourists , this is known as the demonstration effect . The demonstrations effects can have a negative outcome , though , if local residents come to realize that even with their increase income they cannot afford to live like the tourists . A feeling of envy towards the tourists may affluent visitors may result. Tourism can also help preserve historical sites and culture. A wave of tourists from other cultures may have less disirable consequences . For example : the Pennsylvania amish had l ived quietly for hundred of years until they become a tourists attractions . Tourism businesses built motels , restaurants , and souvenir shops to serve the growing numbers of tourists. Tourism can contribute to the undermining of social standards and to the commercialization of a culture . Some people say that local artistic standards suffer when reproductions of na?ve crafts are mass-produced for tourists consumption. Tourism can cause displacement if local residents find they can no longer live in their community after it has been newly developed as a destination . An increased demand for land for tourists facilities can cause property values to soar . The negative effects of tourism may include discrimination . Hiring and promotion practices of corporations new to an area maybe against employees. A community may discriminate against transplanted corporate employees. When they are not enough local workers to build and manage the tourists businesses , workers may be brought in fro m outside the area or even the country . A sudden wave of large numbers of outside workers may cause resentment in local workers. This may be especially true if the incoming employees occupy managerial positions that can earn high salaries while leaving the low paying menial jobs to local workers . If local workers see a higher standard of living for the newcomers , they may actively against them. On the other side , if the culture and lifestyle of the local residents is very different from that of the newcomers , the newcomers may be uncomfortable in their new situation Furthermore , the impacts of tourism on the local environment can cause harm to sensitive heritage sites , for example , the Lascaux cave in France had to be closed to the public because the tourists breath and body heat were destroying the pictures left on its walls by paleolithic artists . The mere presence of the visitors warmed the air around them , which caused condensation on the cooler cave walls. When the dr oplets fell , they look with them pigments from the 17,000 years old paintings. Conclusion : Hospitality business may be competitive business but its very interesting. The tourism industry is also concern with the events that would draw curiosity to tourist and the area.

Elephants :: essays research papers

Elephants should not be killed because they are one of the main reasons that people visit the foreign land of Africa. Africa is incredibly hot and is not the most intriguing place to go on your vacation. If there were no elephants the amount of tourists would significantly decrease. Twenty eight percent of all tourist come to see the elephants. In the movie â€Å"Ivory Wars† the narrator says â€Å" One of the few attractions for tourists is the African elephants that run wild and free across the vast plains of the continent of Africa.† When the amount of tourists decrease so does the money that they pay to see the elephants at a safari. Africa is obviously does not have the strongest economy to begin with and without the elephants to bring in tourists the continent of Africa will fall apart. Elephants are exotic and amazing to see, and without them would there really be a reason to visit Africa?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Elephants should not be killed because they help the environment. Elephants actually help the environment by acting like a bulldozer and knocking down dead trees that would stand dormant otherwise. Africa does not have the time or money to bulldoze these dead trees that take up land that could be used for some well needed shelter. There are too many homeless people in Africa to have dead trees taking up in some cases large parts of land. Elephants work as construction equipment that Africa does not have the money for. Without these elephants dead trees would take up many miles of that that could be houses sheltering the poor population of Africa.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Elephants are an endangered species and they should not be killed for their ivory or they will become extinct. In the article The Poaching Problem the author writes† elephant populations have declined to dangerously low levels.† At the rate that poachers are killing these innocent animal the entire species of elephants will be extinct in the year 2030! That is only twenty five years, I know that does not seem like a long time but it is going to go by fast and every one will regret killing all those poor innocent gentle creatures. In case study 483 they author writes â€Å" During the 1970s and 1980s elephant poaching had included about 1.3 million elephants killed for their tusks.† It is hard to distinguish between legal and illegal ivory so it is sold easily. Elephants :: essays research papers Elephants should not be killed because they are one of the main reasons that people visit the foreign land of Africa. Africa is incredibly hot and is not the most intriguing place to go on your vacation. If there were no elephants the amount of tourists would significantly decrease. Twenty eight percent of all tourist come to see the elephants. In the movie â€Å"Ivory Wars† the narrator says â€Å" One of the few attractions for tourists is the African elephants that run wild and free across the vast plains of the continent of Africa.† When the amount of tourists decrease so does the money that they pay to see the elephants at a safari. Africa is obviously does not have the strongest economy to begin with and without the elephants to bring in tourists the continent of Africa will fall apart. Elephants are exotic and amazing to see, and without them would there really be a reason to visit Africa?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Elephants should not be killed because they help the environment. Elephants actually help the environment by acting like a bulldozer and knocking down dead trees that would stand dormant otherwise. Africa does not have the time or money to bulldoze these dead trees that take up land that could be used for some well needed shelter. There are too many homeless people in Africa to have dead trees taking up in some cases large parts of land. Elephants work as construction equipment that Africa does not have the money for. Without these elephants dead trees would take up many miles of that that could be houses sheltering the poor population of Africa.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Elephants are an endangered species and they should not be killed for their ivory or they will become extinct. In the article The Poaching Problem the author writes† elephant populations have declined to dangerously low levels.† At the rate that poachers are killing these innocent animal the entire species of elephants will be extinct in the year 2030! That is only twenty five years, I know that does not seem like a long time but it is going to go by fast and every one will regret killing all those poor innocent gentle creatures. In case study 483 they author writes â€Å" During the 1970s and 1980s elephant poaching had included about 1.3 million elephants killed for their tusks.† It is hard to distinguish between legal and illegal ivory so it is sold easily.

Fraud, Waste and Abuse Research Project Essay -- Government Business A

Fraud, Waste and Abuse Research Project Combating fraud in the private sector is a difficult task. Trying to combat fraud in the public sector is daunting. In 1999 15.7% of the American workforce were employed by a government entity (federal, state, and local).[1] Mirroring society, government will have its share of perpetrators. The difference from the private sector is in the scope of the fraud committed, the loss of the public trust, the blaring headlines from news media, and difficulty in making necessary changes to combat the problems. A good definition of Fraud, Waste and Abuse (FWA) can be found in U.S. Air Force Regulations and can be applied to any government (or private) organization, it states: Fraud—â€Å"Any intentional deception designed to unlawfully deprive the Air Force of something of value or to secure from the Air Force for an individual a benefit, privilege, allowance, or consideration to which he or she is not entitled. Waste—‘The extravagant, careless, or needless expenditure of Air Force funds or the consumption of Air Force property that results from deficient practices, systems, controls, or decisions. The term also includes improper practices not involving prosecutable fraud. Abuse—‘Intentional, wrongful, or improper use of Air Force resources.†[2] Fighting abuse is not an easy prospect. Elected officials, executives, managers, staff, and the public must be vigilant and thorough. In this project we will review some specific cases of FWA. We will also explore why enacting laws and regulations isn’t enough to stop people from committing fraud. Educating people about what FWA is and why they should not commit these crimes should be an integral part of any FWA program. The Department... ...ublic Management class, CSU Dominguez Hills, April 24, 2001. [10] Project on Government Oversight. http://www.pogo.org/ [11] â€Å"Special Investigations Unit Report Regarding The Composite Center, Inc.† Texas State Auditor’s Office, Special Investigations Unit. Report Number 01-004, October 2000. [12] â€Å"Program Fraud†. The Last Word. November 2000, Volume 3, Number 4. [13] 9/2000 Major Criminal Tax Conviction in Trust Scam Case http://www.taxhound.com/ [14] â€Å"Union county woman convicted for Health Insurance Fraud.† Office of the Attorney General news release, March 22, 2000. [15] The False Claims Legal Act Center. http://www.taf.org/ [16] The Bauman & Rasor Group, Inc. http://www.quitam.com/ [17] Robert K. Elliot, CPA and John J. Willingham PhD, CPA, Management Fraud: Detection and Deterrence. New York: Petrocelli Books, Inc., 1980, pp. vii. Fraud, Waste and Abuse Research Project Essay -- Government Business A Fraud, Waste and Abuse Research Project Combating fraud in the private sector is a difficult task. Trying to combat fraud in the public sector is daunting. In 1999 15.7% of the American workforce were employed by a government entity (federal, state, and local).[1] Mirroring society, government will have its share of perpetrators. The difference from the private sector is in the scope of the fraud committed, the loss of the public trust, the blaring headlines from news media, and difficulty in making necessary changes to combat the problems. A good definition of Fraud, Waste and Abuse (FWA) can be found in U.S. Air Force Regulations and can be applied to any government (or private) organization, it states: Fraud—â€Å"Any intentional deception designed to unlawfully deprive the Air Force of something of value or to secure from the Air Force for an individual a benefit, privilege, allowance, or consideration to which he or she is not entitled. Waste—‘The extravagant, careless, or needless expenditure of Air Force funds or the consumption of Air Force property that results from deficient practices, systems, controls, or decisions. The term also includes improper practices not involving prosecutable fraud. Abuse—‘Intentional, wrongful, or improper use of Air Force resources.†[2] Fighting abuse is not an easy prospect. Elected officials, executives, managers, staff, and the public must be vigilant and thorough. In this project we will review some specific cases of FWA. We will also explore why enacting laws and regulations isn’t enough to stop people from committing fraud. Educating people about what FWA is and why they should not commit these crimes should be an integral part of any FWA program. The Department... ...ublic Management class, CSU Dominguez Hills, April 24, 2001. [10] Project on Government Oversight. http://www.pogo.org/ [11] â€Å"Special Investigations Unit Report Regarding The Composite Center, Inc.† Texas State Auditor’s Office, Special Investigations Unit. Report Number 01-004, October 2000. [12] â€Å"Program Fraud†. The Last Word. November 2000, Volume 3, Number 4. [13] 9/2000 Major Criminal Tax Conviction in Trust Scam Case http://www.taxhound.com/ [14] â€Å"Union county woman convicted for Health Insurance Fraud.† Office of the Attorney General news release, March 22, 2000. [15] The False Claims Legal Act Center. http://www.taf.org/ [16] The Bauman & Rasor Group, Inc. http://www.quitam.com/ [17] Robert K. Elliot, CPA and John J. Willingham PhD, CPA, Management Fraud: Detection and Deterrence. New York: Petrocelli Books, Inc., 1980, pp. vii.

The Environment In Israels Environmental Sciences Essay

It is in battling air pollution that some of the greatest progresss have been made, notably in Haifa where for old ages the population suffered from the pollution emanations of the local oil refinery and the Israel Electric Company works, non to advert the big composites devoted to chemical production such as Haifa Chemicals. In Jerusalem, it is non industrial but vehicular pollution that is responsible for the debasement of air quality. Nature protection and wildlife management- Israel has a figure of nature and wildlife protection jobs that are alone. Because of rigorous runing Torahs and really active protection of wildlife, Israel has become a safety for many native animate beings in an country where there is small protection offered. Except for Jordan, none of the environing Arab provinces have a truly effectual nature protection service and many autochthonal animate beings such as gazelles, ibex, hyenas and others are now really rare in those states. In add-on, Israel is the impermanent residence and therefore de facto defender of more than three-fourthss of Europe ‘s migratory birds, which stop over here on their manner South in the fall and on their return to Europe in the spring. Noise abatement- Israelis, by and big are a noisy batch. Like all Mediterranean people they are convinced that if you are non heard you do n't be. Radios and stereos blaring, autos honk endlessly and the transition of address is a rareness. Pesticides- Until June, 2001, there were at least a twelve pesticides in usage in Israel that are banned in most western states. Since Israel exports a assortment of fruits, veggies and cheeses, efforts are so made to maintain pesticide degrees to a lower limit, since the agriculturists and manufacturers know that nutrient transcending the rigorous European criterions will be returned. Although both the ministries of wellness and agribusiness are supposed to supervise nutrient quality, both adamantly garbage to let go of their findings to the populace, keeping that â€Å" this would confound people. †Solid WasteRather more than 95 per centum of Israel ‘s solid waste is buried in landfills, burned in alfresco cavities or left to decompose in refuse mopess throughout the state. This is in contrast with Switzerland that buries merely 12 per centum of its refuse or Japan that buries 19 per centum. Recycling in Israel is so minimum as to barely merit reference.Surface Water PollutionThe serious nature of the pollution of Israel ‘s rivers was dramatically highlighted four old ages ago when a overcrossing over the Yarkon river collapsed and a group of Australian jocks viing in the Maccabi Games were thrown into the contaminated river below. Several later died, and others were injured, non from the autumn but from the insidious toxic condition from exposure to the toxic Waterss of the chemically-polluted river.Toxic WasteToxic waste disposal in Israel has significantly improved over the past few old ages but is still a long manner from satisfactory. But the toxic waste site itself is every bit large a job as the one it was designed to work out. At the same clip, toxic waste from agribusiness and from families and little concerns has barely been addressed.Urban SprawlIn 1948, merely three per cent of the land in the state was under paving or asphalt ; by 1992 the figure had grown to over 17 per centum. Even this figure does non look big for a province that has kn own such a drastic addition in population and such rapid development, except when one realizes that 95 per cent of the entire population of Israel lives North of Beersheba. This means that about all of the paved and asphalted land is in less than half the state.Initiative taken by Israel authorities for healthy environmentReforestationIsrael is a planetary leader of re-afforestation and nature saving. aˆ? Israel is one of the few states that began the twenty-first century with more trees than it had at the beginning of the twentieth century. The JNF attentions for 100,000 estates of natural forests. aˆ? Israel has over 150 nature militias and 65 national Parkss established throughout the state. Alternate Energy- Israel-based Solel has operated a field of solar panels in California ‘s Mojave Desert since the 1980s, cut downing U.S. dependance on oil by 2 million barrels of oil per twenty-four hours. aˆ? Israeli startup Project Better Place is working to make a country-wide electric auto substructure with the backup of the Israeli cabinet. aˆ? Using bacteriums that â€Å" eat † crude oil, PetroBioClean helps clean up oil spills on land and sea.Battling DesertificationIsrael remains committed to the early Zionist end to â€Å" do the desert bloom, † non merely at place but in tonss of developing states confronting turning desertification. aˆ? Israel is one of two states in the universe in which comeuppances are shriveling instead than spread outing. In 2006, Israel hosted the international conference on battling desertification and was praised by the United Nations for its attempts. aˆ? In 2007, Nigeria and Israel agreed to a $ 17 billion undertaking to change by reversal desertification and conveying 2 million agricultural occupations to the country.DesalinationAcknowledging the limited handiness of H2O resources early in its history, Israel has focused on going â€Å" the Silicon Valley † of H2O engineering. aˆ? Israel began its desalinization attempts in the sixtiess with the innovation of desalinization via vacuity freeze. aˆ? In 2010, Israel launched its 3rd desalinization works in Hadera. It is the largest of its sort in the universe.Water ConservationFrom the 1959 Water Law ( which made all H2O public belongings ) to the popular motto â€Å" Do n't Waste a Drop, † Israel has been a leader in H2O preservation. aˆ? Israel treats 92 per centum of its effluent and reuses 75 per centum in agribusiness, the highest rate in the universe. Through the usage of advanced irrigation techniques, Israeli farms have increased H2O efficiency from 64 per centum to 90 per centum, compared to traditional furrow irrigation. aˆ? JNF has begun six preservation undertakings, which will use of course happening wetlands to purify effluent, without added chemicals or the demand for increased energy.Agricultural DevelopmentIn the tradition of the early Zionist innovators, Judaic husbandmans continue to utilize a mixture of difficult work and invention to do Israel â€Å" a land of milk and honey. † aˆ? Israeli company Bio-Bee Biological Systems uses insects like humblebees and fruit flies to advance cross-pollination and control plagues in an environmentally friendly manner. aˆ? Israel is optimising growing government variables such as visible radiation, temperature, humidness, irrigation, and nutrition to cut costs and increase harvest efficiency Environmental regulations and ordinances there are several regulations and ordinances formed by the ministry of environment protection of Israel which are as under.Air quality-Suspension of Nuisances Law, 1961 Suspension of Nuisances Regulations ( Air Quality ) , 1992 Nuisance Abatement Regulations ( Air Pollution from Vehicles on the Road ) , 2001 Condemnable Procedure Order ( Finable Offenses – Air Pollution from Vehicles on the Road ) , 2001 Extra Nuisance Abatement Regulations Hazardous Substances Regulations Hazardous Substances Regulations ( Implementation of Provisions of the Montreal Protocol ) , ( Amendment ) 2009 Clean Air Regulations ( Disclosure of Air Pollution Data from a Motor Vehicle in an Ad ) , 2009 Clean Air Regulations ( Emission Permits ) , 2010Environmental PlanningPlaning and Building Law, 1965 Planing and Building Regulations ( Environmental Impact Assessments ) , 2003 Licensing of Businesses Law, 1968 Freedom of Information Law, 1998 Representation of Environmental Public Bodies Law ( Legislative Amendments ) , 2002 Environmental Protection Law ( Polluter Pays ) ( Legislative Amendments ) , 2008 Local Authorities Law ( Environmental Enforcement – Governments of Inspectors ) , 2008 Freedom of Information Regulations ( Public Access to Environmental Information ) , 2009Hazardous SubstancesPlant Protection Law, 1956 Work Safety Regulations ( Workers with Pesticides ) , 1964 Licensing of Businesses Regulations ( Disposal of Hazardous Wastes ) , 1990 Hazardous Substances Law, 1993 Licensing of Businesses Regulations ( Hazardous Industrial Plants ) , 1993 Suspension of Nuisances Regulations ( Used Oil ) , 1993 Hazardous Substances Regulations ( Import and Export of Hazardous Wastes ) , 1994 Hazardous Substances Regulations ( Registration of Formulations for the Control of Pests Harmful to Man ) , 1994 Plant Protection Regulations ( Regulation of the Import and Sale of Chemical Preparations ) , 1994 Hazardous Substances Regulations ( Classification and Exemption ) , 1996 Public Health Regulations ( Waste Treatment in Medical Institutions ) , 1997 Safety at Work Regulations ( Material Safety Data Sheets ) , 1998 Railways Regulations ( Hazardous Substances Transport ) , 1999 Hazardous Substances Regulations ( Disposal of Radioactive Waste ) , 2002 Hazardous Substances Regulations ( Criteria for Determining Validity Periods for Poisons Permits ) , 2003 Hazardous Substances Regulations ( Implementation of Provisions of the Montreal Protocol ) , ( Amendment ) 2009 Prevention of Sea Water Pollution by Oil Ordinance ( New Version ) , 1980 Prevention of Sea Water Pollution by Oil Regulations ( Marine Environment Protection Fee ) , 1983 Prevention of Sea Pollution ( Dumping of Waste ) Law, 1983 – Translation Prevention of Sea Pollution ( Dumping of Waste ) Regulations, 1984 Prevention of Sea Pollution from Land-Based Beginnings Law, 1988 Prevention of Sea Pollution from Land-Based Beginnings Regulations, 1990 Protection of the Coastal Environment Law, 2004SUMMARY OF ISRAELS chemicalIntroductionThe chemical industry plays an of import portion in Israel ‘s economic development, consisting some 20 % of GDP by industry and a turning portion of the state ‘s exports ( from 11.1 % in 2000 to 22.1 % in 2008 ) . Safe usage and ordinance of chemicals is an indispensable constituent of Israel ‘s environmental policy. The chief models for chemical direction in Israel are the Licensing of Businesses Law, 1968 and the Hazardous Substances Law, 1993. Enforcement includes supervising on the gross revenues and acquisition of chemicals and supervising on the import of chemicals ( by Israeli Customs ) .Appraisal of Chemical RisksMechanisms for systematic rating, categorization, and labeling of chemicals, including enterprises towards a consonant system of categorization and labeling of chemicalsAt present, the bing models for industrial chemical direction in Israel modulate the user of chemicals by agencies of rigorous steps for â€Å" cradle to sculpt † supervising of the production, import, storage, storage, processes, wastes and conveyance of chemicals.Following is a short outline of the mechanisms presently in usage in Israel:Hazardous Materials Permit: Under the Hazardous Substances Law ( 1993 ) , a Hazardous Materials Permit is required for the holder of any chemical, whether the substance is in its simple signifier, assorted, or blended. A license is merely granted if the functionary appointed by the Minister of Environmental Protection is satisfied with the applier ‘s acquaintance with the characteristics of the risky substances in his ownership and with their safety demands. Israeli Standard for Labeling and Marking of Dangerous Substantives: Israel Standard ( IS ) 2302 on Classification, Packaging, Labeling and Marking Dangerous Substances and Preparations ( revised in 2009 ) presents a compulsory consonant system that regulates the labeling of chemicals ( partially correlating to the EEC Dangerous Substances Directive ) . IS 2302 specifies labeling demands for chemicals in-house, during conveyance from installation to installation within the same compound, and during the conveyance of unsafe substances by route or rail. Labeling of transported chemicals: Regulation of the conveyance of risky substances rests with the Ministry of Transport. The ministry imposes specific demands for wadding, labeling and vehicle marker. The Transport Services Law of 1997 and its 2001 ordinances regulate the transit of unsafe substances and mostly correspond to the UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods – Model Regulations ( The Orange Book ) . All transported risky substances are marked harmonizing to the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals ( GHS ) and include information on the maker or importer of the substance, warning Markss, exigency codifications, action to be taken, UN figure, and telephone figure of an information centre. Information and Response Center for Hazardous Substances: The Information and Response Center collects quantitative and qualitative information on risky substances that are used, produced, imported, exported, transported and disposed of in Israel. Data relate to measures, types, features and concentrations of substances found in all sectors and at all degrees, including industry and establishments on the local, regional and national degrees. In add-on, the Center maintains informations on safety, sensing, designation, intervention, and neutralisation processs for chemical accidents.Enterprises for appraisal of toxic chemicals, jeopardy and hazard appraisalPresently, enrollment and licensing of chemicals is carried out on pesticides, pharmaceuticals, decorative readyings and nutrient additives. Pesticides used for agricultural and public wellness intents constitute a important per centum of all chemicals in Israel. The usage of these pesticides is carefully supervised to guarantee environmental wellness and safety. The Ministry of Agriculture ‘s Plant Protection and Inspection Service is in charge of the enrollment and ordinance of pesticides for works protection – representing most of the pesticides used in Israel.Registration of Pesticides for Agricultural UseThe pesticide enrollment procedure begins with proving and probe over a period of two old ages, following probationary blessing for limited usage. For the intent of enrollment, the Pesticides Division of the Plant Protection and Inspection Services has established standards for subjecting toxicology file to the interministerial commission for coordination of pesticide usage.Registration of Pesticides for the Protection of Public HealthThe enrollment procedure for pesticides for public wellness intents is separate from that for agricultural usage. Israel ‘s ordinances, approved in 1994, comply with rigorous international criterions and require applications for the enrollment of a new molecule, new preparation, reclamation and alteration of name/label/packaging, etc.Registration of PharmaceuticalsThe Pharmaceutical Administration of the Ministry of Health is responsible, inter alia, for the enrollment of drugs. Each application is accompanied by elaborate certification that relates to the consequences of a broad array of clinical and other experiments. Registration is merely granted following thorough reappraisal of these paperss every bit good as the reception of a certification of quality from the Institute for the Standardization and Control of Pharmaceuticals.Engagement in assorted international and regional enterprisesThe State of Israel has signed and/or sanctioned several international pacts on the usage of chemical substances:i‚†¢ The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants ( POPs ) :The Rotterdam Convention on Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides ( PIC ) :The Basel Convention on the Transboundary Movement of Hazardous Waste:Vienna Convention on the Protection of the Ozone Layer and Montreal Protocol on Materials that Deplete the Ozone Layer:Strategic Approach to International Chemical Management ( SAICM ) :Recommendations on Guideline Values for Chemical Pollutants in the AirA study entitled â€Å" Ambient Guideline Values for Chemical Pollutants in the Air † was published in March 2006, with guideline values for 110 chemical pollutants in the air which are considered harmful to human wellness. The Ministry of Environmental Protection has adopted these guideline values and uses them as indispensable tools in determination devising processes on the followers: Approval and licensing of new installations in industry or enlargement and alterations to bing installations ; Reviews of wellness hazards to the population in instance of exposure to a given pollutant ; and Appraisal of the necessity to cut down pollutant emanations from different beginnings if pollutant concentrations in the air exceed guideline values.Protecting Public HealthThe Ministry of Health is responsible for protecting public wellness including, inter alia, supervising of imbibing H2O quality and ordinance of chemical, pesticide and weedkillers residues and endocrines in nutrient. Additionally, the Ministry of Health, in cooperation with the Ministry of Environmental Protection, coordinates many epidemiological studies. Following are some illustrations: Cancer, decease, kids ‘s illnesss and hospitalization were studied between 1990 and 1999 in the Hadera country, near a coal power station ; Prevalence of malignant neoplastic disease, lung diseases, cardiovascular diseases and take a breathing jobs were studied in the Haifa country where the crude oil industry is concentrated, during 1995-2004 ; A few studies were conducted in the Tel Aviv metropolitan country sing the relation between air pollution and many symptoms. One was carried out in coaction with the US Environmental Protection Agency ( EPA ) ;Sound Management of Toxic ChemicalsAdvancement within the larger model of Strategic Approach to International Chemicals Management ( SAICM )Israel endorses the Strategic Approach to International Chemicals Management ( SAICM ) , took portion in the Dubai declaration and nominated a focal point for SAICM. Relevant authorities bureaus work harmonizing to the SAICM when explicating their work programs and regulatory instruments in order to accomplish hazard decrease, administration, answerability and duty.Enterprises and inventions for hazard decrease, peculiarly taking in to account the life rhythm of the chemicalsIsrael has a broad organic structure of statute law and plans aimed at the decrease of hazards from bing chemicals, such as workers ‘ wellness and safety commissariats ; demands for Material Safety Data Sheets ( MSDS ) ; official criterions on the categorization, labelling, packaging and selling of industrial chemicals ; footings and conditions in Hazardous Materials Licenses, studies and monitoring plans. Furthermore, the Ministry of Environmental Protection on a regular basis reviews information about chemicals that may present wellness and environmental hazards.Pesticides and BiocidesThe usage of pesticides for agricultural or public wellness intents is carefully sup ervised to guarantee environmental wellness and safety. In 1997 a alteration of all registered pesticides and biocides was initiated, ensuing in the prohibition of 11 active ingredients. Emphasis was given to curtailing or censoring chemicals that were antecedently authorized for usage. Specifically, chemicals with long DTs ( clip required for 50 % of the initial sedimentation to disperse ) are non granted a gross revenues licence. The undermentioned stuffs were banned or badly restricted after 1997: Sodium Arsenite Pentachlorophenol 2,4,5-TP Monocrothophos Ethyl Parathion Chlorphenapyr Aldicarb Hexasuron Dinitro-o-cresol Methoxyethylmercuric chloride Ethylmercuric chloridePolicies and models for bar of accidents, readiness and responseIn instance of accidents affecting risky substances, an incorporate exigency response system is imperative. To this terminal, Israel has developed a national exigency eventuality program for incorporate exigency response in risky substance accidents.Duties of the Chemical IndustryThe program imposes first duty for intervention of a chemical accident on the industrial works itself. Israel ‘s industries are required to take all necessary stairss to forestall accidents, to fix exigency processs, to develop staff, and to fix suited equipment and safety cogwheel. In line with these demands, the Manufacturers Association of Israel has prepared a comprehensive study on possible agencies of covering with chemical accidents that occur during the conveyance of risky substances.Enterprises to cut down overdependence on the usage of agricultural chemicalsDecrease of pesticide usage is an of import end whi ch aims to cut down environmental exposure to these stuffs. Pesticide ordinances are meant to forestall possible harm from uncontrolled exposure to pesticides. National Maximum Residue Limits have been established for all pesticides in Israel that are based, whenever appropriate, on the Codex Alimentarius Limits. In Israel, several undertakings have been initiated to advance incorporate pest direction. They include, among others, usage of screen harvests to protect the dirt surface, insect-proof cyberspaces, insect traps, and natural enemies.

“No Name Woman” by Maxine Hong Kingston Essay

In this passage from â€Å"No Name Woman,† Maxine Hong Kingston imagines what old world China was like, and paints a picture of a repressive, strictly ordered society in which people were essentially unable to have private lives. Everything had to be done for the sake of the family’s or village’s well-being. In such a world, Kingston’s aunt represents the worst kind of transgressor, one whose private lusts disrupted the social order and threatened the very existence of the village. Kingston uses interesting and imaginative stylistic techniques to represent the â€Å"circle† or â€Å"roundness† of Chinese life and the struggle this creates for both the village and No Name Woman. The village that Kingston’s aunt lives in was very strict and had their own set rules on how society should live. â€Å"If my aunt had betrayed the family at the time of large grain yields and peace, when many boys were born, and wings were being built on many houses, perhaps she might have escaped such severe punishment.† (11-14) Kingston explains to the reader that if the village is doing really well in maintaining stability, then maybe she could get away with having a child out of wedlock. But because this happened while the village is not doing so well at the time, they made her pay for what she had done. No Name Woman’s scenario shows the reader the unfair rules the village abides by. If the village is doing well, they will push any problem associated with their rules of â€Å"roundness† aside, but if they are not doing so well at the time a rule is broken or a problem erupts, they will make that person suffer the consequence of their action. The villagers blamed her for all the unfortunate events that were happening in the village at the time. â€Å"People who refused fatalism because they could invent small resources insisted on culpability. Deny accidents and wrest fault from the stars† (33-36) in these two sentences, Kingston shows the reader that the people in the village who do something wrong, would blame other people because their ego was so strong they believe they do nothing wrong to cause any problems. So when another person does wrong, they were not hesitant to point the finger at someone. The village’s whole life was based on the idea of â€Å"roundness†. Kingston shows the reader what the idea of â€Å"roundness† means to the village by using symbolism. â€Å"The frightened villagers, who depended on one another to maintain the real, went to my aunt to show her a personal, physical representation of the break she made in the â€Å"roundness.† (4-7) the village views the idea of â€Å"roundness† as the universe, or unity. They believe that the â€Å"roundness† was the cycle of life; the way the community functions. Kingston uses imagery to give the reader an image of the village â€Å"The round moon cakes and the round doorways, the round tables of graduated size that fit one roundness inside another, round windows and rice bowl-these talismans had lost their power to warn this family of the law: A family must be whole, faithfully keeping the descent line by having sons to feed the old and the dead who in turn look after the family.† (21-26). the sentence proves to the reader how much the village emphasizes the idea of â€Å"roundness†. They have tables, doors, and windows that are all round. Kingston’s vivid imagery shows the reader that their whole life and universe is based on the idea of â€Å"roundness†. When Kingston’s aunt was pregnant without being married, the villagers felt like she was disrupting their â€Å"roundness†. Kingston shows the reader how the villagers feel about her aunt, â€Å"The villagers were speeding up the circling of events because she was too short sighted to see that her infidelity had already harmed the village.† (27-29) this tells us that the villagers feel what she was doing was wrong and had an effect on the whole village. They were enraged at her because she had disrupted their whole universe. They felt she had done it on purpose which upset them even more. Their belief system was that if anyone disturbs their roundness, they were to get rid of them. Their roundness was their universe. Their whole life was based and influenced on the idea of roundness. If someone had disturbed it, they needed to get rid of them because that meant somebody was disturbing their universe. â€Å"Awaken her to the inexorable† (33) the villagers mean to punish her so bad that she feels herself waking up to a horrible and unbearable life. They want her to realize exactly what she had done, and how bad she has caused chaos in the village. No Name Woman was a villager whose action caused disruption in the â€Å"circle† or â€Å"roundness† of the Chinese way of life. The villagers felt the need to remove her because they thought she was the problem. They assumed by getting rid of her, they could restore their â€Å"roundness† way of life. They did not want to admit that other issues and other people were also associated with their village’s problems.